Abstract
Visinin-like protein 1 (VILIP-1) is a neuron-specific calcium sensor protein rapidly released into blood after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and may be a suitable biomarker for identification of sports-related concussion (SRC). The objective of the study is to test if quantification of a specific post-translationally modified (ubiquitinated) form of VILIP-1 (ubVILIP-1) from a fingerstick blood sample using a point of care (POC) lateral flow device (LFD) can be used to rapidly identify athletes with SRC. Prospective cohort study. Side-line blood collection at football, soccer, and volleyball games/practices. Division I athletes with/without SRC. Blood ubVILIP-1 concentrations. Data collected over 2 athletic seasons from non-SRC athletes (controls) show a small but statistically significant elevation of ubVILIP-1 over an individual season for male athletes (P = 0.02) dependent on sport (P = 0.014) and no significant changes in ubVILIP-1 levels between seasons. For SRC athletes, the data show ubVILIP-1 levels substantially increase above baseline as soon as 30 minutes postdiagnosis with peak concentrations and times postinjury that vary based on injury severity. Results of the study suggest quantification of blood ubVILIP-1 levels measured using an LFD may provide an objective identification of athletes with SRC, setting the stage for further study with a larger number of SRC patients.
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