Abstract
In August 1993, fourteen long cores were collected from various parts of Lake Abitibi in order to identify and date the transition periods between Glacial Lake Ojibway, ancestral Lake Abitibi, and modern Lake Abitibi. Ongoing geochemical, pedological, and paleoecological studies are conducted to find traces of extreme lake-level fluctuations and dry lake bed conditions in postglacial time. Diatom (algae) analysis is one paleoecological method used. Preliminary results from 8 samples of Lake Ojibway varved clay and Cochrane till reveal that the diatom flora of Glacial Lake Ojibway was poor, since only 15 diatom species from 8 genera were identified. This low number is likely the result of several factors (turbidity, high rates of sedimentation, lack of nutrients, icebergs) that created poor growing conditions in the cold paleowaters and hampered the successful development of diatom communities. The diatom flora of Lake Abitibi is much more developed: 149 species from 39 genera were identified in modern surficial material from the top of 14 cores. This preliminary study indicates that diatom analyses can successfully be used to help characterize the sedimentary transition from Glacial Lake Ojibway to Lake Abitibi.
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