Abstract
The objective of this work was to characterize 119 accessions of guava and 40 accessions of "araçá" sampled in 35 Brazilian ecoregions, according to the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) descriptors. The majority of "araçá" accessions presented wide spacing of leaf veins, while guava accessions presented medium to close spacing. Most fruits of "araçá" accessions were classified as small, contrasting with medium to large fruits of guava accessions. Most of "araçá" accessions (91%) presented white flesh fruit color, while 58% of guava accessions presented pale pink, pink and dark pink colors. Fruit differences among wild and cultivated Psidium species indicate fruit as the most altered trait under artificial selection.
Highlights
The objective of this work was to characterize 119 accessions of guava and 40 accessions of “araçá”
Guava and “araçá” plants sampled in different ecoregions were characterized for one, 20, 17 and two descriptors of stem, leaves, fruits and seeds, respectively (Table 1), according to UPOV guidelines
Accessions were classified into the narrow class (Table 1). These differences in fruit size could be attributed to the long-term selection to which guava, a Psidium cultivated species, has been submitted, in opposition to wild-growing “araçá”. Another difference among “araçá” and guava accessions was observed in the fruit shape at the stalk end: “araçá” accessions were grouped into the classes of broadly rounded and rounded (74%), while those of guava were grouped into the classes of pointed and necked (52%) (Table 1)
Summary
Preliminary characterization of Psidium germplasm in different Brazilian ecogeographic regions. The majority of “araçá” accessions presented wide spacing of leaf veins, while guava accessions presented medium to close spacing. Resumo – O objetivo deste trabalho foi caracterizar 119 acessos de goiabeira e 40 acessos de araçazeiro identificados em 35 ecorregiões brasileiras, de acordo com descritores da International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). A maioria dos acessos de araçazeiro apresentou grandes espaços entre as nervuras da folha, enquanto os de goiabeira apresentaram espaços pequenos. Os frutos de araçazeiro foram classificados como pequenos, enquanto os de goiabeira apresentaram tamanho de médio a grande. A maioria dos acessos de araçazeiro (91%) apresentou cor branca para a polpa do fruto, enquanto 58% dos de goiabeira apresentaram cor de rosa-claro a rosa-escuro. Psidium (2n = 2x = 22) includes about 150 species, which are all fruit-bearing trees or shrubs
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