Abstract
BackgroundThe global resurgence of tuberculosis is a significant threat. Lamiaceae members have been used in folk remedies for centuries. This study was designed to assess the in-vitro antimycobacterial activity of eighteen crude extracts from six plants (Lamiaceae) and to characterize their phenolic and flavonoid compounds.MethodsSix Turkish medicinal plants of the family Lamiaceae (Stachys tmolea Boiss., Stachys thirkei C. Koch, Ballota acetabulosa (L.) Benth., Thymus sipthorpii Benth., Satureja aintabensis P.H. Davis, and Micromeria juliana (L.) Benth. ex Reich.) were collected in 2009 – 2010. Dried and crushed plant samples were subjected to sequential extraction with petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, and methanol in order of increasing polarity. A broth microdilution method was employed to screen extracts against four mycobacterial strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Phenolic and flavonoid compounds were characterized by liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry.ResultsS. aintabensis, T. sibthorpii, and M. juliana were found to develop considerable activity against the four strains of M. tuberculosis with the minimal inhibitory concentrations value of 12.5-100 μg/ml. S. aintabensis and T. sibthorpii extracts killed M. tuberculosis with the minimum bactericidal concentration value of 50–800 μg/ml. On the basis of these prominent antimycobacterial activity, we suggest that they could be a source of natural anti-tuberculosis agents.ConclusionS. aintabensis and T. sibthorpii showed activity by killing Mycobacteria strains. The major phenolic compound was rosmarinic for T. sibthorpii and S. aintabensis. Flavonoids might be “a modal” for the drug design.
Highlights
The global resurgence of tuberculosis is a significant threat
Some of the phenolic and flavonoids such as chlorogenic acid, syringic acid, epicatechin, ferrulic acid, vitexin, naringin, and rutin hidrat were not detected in the ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) extracts of T. sibthorpii
We reported that petroleum ether fraction (PEF) and EAF were most active compared to the methanol fraction
Summary
Lamiaceae members have been used in folk remedies for centuries. Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious bacterial disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which most commonly affects the lungs. It is a well-known disease that has afflicted humans since ancient times. Tremendous efforts have been made to control TB at global and national levels, approximately one third of the world’s population is infected with M. tuberculosis, eight million. Lamiaceae members have been used as tea, spice or in folk remedies for centuries. The plant family Lamiaceae has a global distribution, and comprises more than 7200 species across approximately 240 genera [2]. Turkey is regarded as an important gene-center for the plant family. The family has 256 species endemic to Turkey, and the rate of endemism in the family is 44.2% [3]
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