Abstract
Religion was regarded as a source of prejudice against others who are different, even a source of hatred. In fact, as complex teachings, religions had opposite role, reducing prejudice. This study attempted to find religious values that can be useful for prejudice reduction. With a qualitative method, religious values reducing prejudice were explored from five religions, namely Hinduism, Buddhism, Catholicism, Christianity and Islam. Data were collected through studying religious texts, both from the main sources and the works of religious leaders. The finding found that all religions had fundamental values that could reduce prejudice. These values generally were in the form of respect for diversity, prohibition of acting unfairly, and prohibiting acts of violence. This finding was expected to refute the assumption that religion was a source of prejudice, hatred and horizontal conflict.
Highlights
Religion was regarded as a source of prejudice
find religious values that can be useful for prejudice reduction
religious values reducing prejudice were explored from five religions
Summary
Studi tentang prejudice reduction dikenal setidaknya dalam tiga konteks. Pertama, dalam konteks psikologi termasuk psikologi Agama. Prejudice dalam konteks psikologi sering dibahas dengan isu-isu sosial seperti diskriminasi, stereotyping, dan ketegorisasi sosial sehingga lebih ke ranah Psikologi Sosial; misalnya oleh Leslie Ashburn-Nardo dkk. Selain itu juga banyak dikaji dalam psikologi Agama dimana prejudice sering dikaitkan dengan sikap dan orientasi beragama, misalnya oleh Raymond F. Prejudice reduction (Pengurangan Prasangka) adalah upaya untuk mengurangi sikap (termasuk cara pandang) oleh individu dalam hubungannya dengan orang lain. Dalam praktiknya di lembaga pendidikan, prejudice reduction sering dilakukan dengan cara meminta siswa memeriksa dan menantang atau mempertanyakan ulang prasangka mereka sendiri. Abaciouglu dkk menemukan bahwa keteladanan termasuk metode yang berguna untuk mempromosikan sikap multikultural dan mengurangi prasangka. Sebuah program yang menempatkan orangorang berbeda agama dalam satu kegiatan bersama terbukti mempermudah mereka saling mengerti dan menerima satu sama lain, pada saat yang sama prejudice dapat direduksi. Sebab agama adalah entitas yang tidak pernah hilang dalam sejarah
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