Prehospital thrombolysis in a rural community: short- and long-term survival.

Abstract

In order to assess the feasibility and outcome of using prehospital thrombolysis in acute myocardial infarction in a rural community, we performed an open randomized study of patients with symptoms of acute myocardial infarction of less than 6 hours. One hundred and forty-five patients with acute myocardial infarction were allocated to receive IV streptokinase prehospital by means of a mobile coronary care unit (MCCU) (n = 43) or to receive IV streptokinase in hospital (n = 102). The mean delay time to treatment was 138 minutes (MCCU group) and 172 minutes (hospital group) (p less than 0.02). Reperfusion time was 88 minutes for the MCCU group and 92 minutes for the hospital group. Mortality at 14 days was 2.3% for the MCCU group and 11.7% for the hospital group (p less than 0.05). Six month mortality was 4.9% for the MCCU group and 17.3% for the hospital group (p = 0.03). Mortality at 1 year was 6.1% for the MCCU group and 20.0% for the hospital group (p = 0.04). There were no significant adverse events in either treatment group. Thus, prehospital thrombolysis by streptokinase is feasible and allows significant reduction in the delay time to treatment initiation. There are encouraging improvements in both short- and long-term survival with no apparent reduction in safety profile.