Abstract

There is growing evidence that early detection and response to physiological deterioration can improve outcome for patients. Working out-of-hospital, we often find ourselves in diagnostic dilemmas, thus more reliable data could change our actions as well as give better assessment of patient's condition. Therefore, we are always exploring new perspectives that could be transferred from experimental laboratory settings to our primary working area in the field to help us improve decision-making leading to better outcome. In the following sections, we represent our previous studies about the utility of continuous capnometry and the importance of point-of-care ultrasound in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and dis-cuss about the possible future use of transthoracic and transesophageal ultrasound, point-of-care biochemical monitoring, tissue oxygen saturation, pupillometry, and mixed and central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in the prehospital setting.

Highlights

  • Emergency medicine in the highly advanced world is traditionally performed in two different ways

  • We are always exploring new perspectives that could be transferred from experimental laboratory settings to our primary working area in the field to help us improve decision-making leading to better outcome

  • We represent our previous studies about the utility of continuous capnometry and the importance of point-of-care ultrasound in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and discuss about the possible future use of transthoracic and transesophageal ultrasound, point-of-care biochemical monitoring, tissue oxygen saturation, pupillometry, and mixed and central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in the prehospital setting

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Summary

Introduction

Emergency medicine in the highly advanced world is traditionally performed in two different ways. The second is the so-called Franco-German model (FGM), which represents a system of specially trained prehospital emergency physicians beginning to treat patients at the scene and during transport to the hospital. [6] In Slovenia the physician-based model with prehospital units (PHUs) has been established. With this model we integrated prehospital and hospital emergency medicine and established circular model for emergency physicians (circulation among hospital and field). This model of effective interdisciplinary medical cooperation is essential for transfer of skills, care and monitoring from hospital to the field

Prehospital monitoring of critically ill patients
Capnogram waveforms can be analyzed to assess for expiratory pattern
Capnography in cardiac arrest and cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Emergency transesophageal echocardiography
Tissue oxygen saturation and biochemical parameters
Pupilary monitoring during CPR
Findings
Mixed and central venous oxygen saturation
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