Abstract

In the Wyoming Basin of southwest Wyoming, there are more pronghorn-dominated bone assemblages and possible communal kill sites than anywhere else in North America. Ten faunal assemblages in the region are dominated by pronghorn bones (>60% of identified specimens) and six assemblages possess at least six individuals each. Two of these sites have at least 26 individuals each, and one has at least 212 animals. Three additional sites retain possible structural remnants of pronghorn traps. Based on an evaluation of 93 radiocarbon-dated regional faunal assemblages, it is clear that pronghorn were used commonly, but in low numbers, throughout prehistory. However; there was a significant shift in pronghorn hunting about 700 years ago, including an increase in communal hunts and in pronghorndominated bone assemblages.

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