Abstract

An earlier essay (Schuldenrein and Clark 2001) presented the palaeoenvironmental background to changing prehistoric site distributions in the Wadi Hasa, the principal drainage of west Central Jordan. Evidence for over 100,000 years of human settlement is preserved in discrete locations and within specific sediment packages associated with the ancient landscapes of the drainage. This essay explores the systematics of settlement geography by filtering out preservation mechanisms and comparing other regional (Levant wide) models of human settlement with the Wadi Hasa Palaeolithic and Neolithic site distributions. Three regional paradigms of transhumance are tested. While Pleistocene Lake Hasa (70,000–12,000 B.P.)was the central feature for earlier human settlement, subsequent geomorphic activity has obliterated much of the later prehistoric record. Henry's (1995) model of transhumance is a relatively accurate predictor of site characteristics and location for much of the. Hasa distributions, but the dynamics of long-term landscape change preclude de facto projection of the data set to any existing paradigm.

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