PREGNANT WOMEN WITH UNCONTROLLED DIABETES: COMMON FOETAL ANOMALIES

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic illness characterised by elevated blood glucose levels. It is aserious global health concern that is becoming increasingly widespread. When diabetes strikes at a crucial pregnancyperiod, the effects are more severe.Objective: Examining typical foetal anomalies in 66 pregnant women with uncontrolled diabetes will draw attentionto the negative consequences of improperly managed blood glucose levels throughout pregnancy.Methodology: The medical records of expectant patients with uncontrolled diabetes who sought prenatal care atthe Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology between March 1,2020 to March 1, 2022, were reviewed retrospectively in this research. 66 pregnant women with uncontrolled diabetes participated in the trial. Included were womenwith poorly managed gestational diabetes and pre-existing diabetes at the start of their pregnancies. Women who hadwell-controlled diabetes and insufficient health information were not included.Results: The research included a cohort of 66 pregnant women diagnosed with diabetes, with an average age of 29.5years. The predominant age group among the participants was 30-40 years old, accounting for 34.1% of the total,and their average number of children born was 1.8. Among the women, 60.6% had pre-existing diabetes, whereas39.4% were diagnosed with gestational diabetes during pregnancy. Most of the abnormalities were classified as mild(31.1%) or moderate (25.8%), with a lesser proportion categorized as severe (15.2%).Conclusion: According to this study, pregnant diabetic women had a higher likelihood of foetal deformities, mostlycardiac abnormalities. Most anomalies were mild or moderate in kind.Keywords: fetal anomalies, Uncontrolled diabetes, neural tube defects, cardiac abnormalities, glycemic control, prenatal care.