Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Pregnancy causes physiological and anatomical changes in the woman's body, affecting several systems such as the musculoskeletal. During pregnancy or in the postpartum period, these changes may cause low back pain or low pelvic pain, preventing the normal movement of these structures and causing suffering. The objective of this study was to discuss the diagnosis and treatment of pregnancy-related lumbosacral pain, focusing on terminology, epidemiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, prognosis, diagnosis, and treatment. CONTENTS: We searched the literature in Pubmed, Cochrane Library, Ovid and Google using the terms "low back pain", "pelvic girdle pain", "lumbopelvic pain", "posterior pelvic pain", "pregnancy-related low back pain", "pregnancy-related pelvic girdle pain" and "pregnancy-related lumbopelvic pain", for articles in English, Portuguese and Spanish in the last 20 years or older, where relevant. CONCLUSION: Pregnancy is one of the main causes of lumbosacral pain, and one of the most frequent diseases during gestation. The correct management of this pathology reduces negative impacts on the life of pregnant women.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONPregnancy causes physiological and anatomical changes in the woman’s body and can affect several systems (such as cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, renal, among others), as well as the musculoskeletal system
Pregnancy causes physiological and anatomical changes in the woman’s body and can affect several systems, as well as the musculoskeletal system
Absenteeism doubles in pregnant women with pelvic pain (PP) or low back pain (LBP) when compared with other women[3]
Summary
Pregnancy causes physiological and anatomical changes in the woman’s body and can affect several systems (such as cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, renal, among others), as well as the musculoskeletal system These changes are necessary to meet the increased metabolic demand of the mother during pregnancy, the fetal needs and allow the pregnant woman and the fetus to prepare for the birth[1]. Weight gain during pregnancy, associated with changes in posture required to accommodate the increased abdominal and breast volume lead to a change in the load pattern on the joints and other musculoskeletal structures, leading to pain[6]. There is a large variation in the incidence due to the lack of a universally accepted classification system[12] In some studies, this prevalence may reach 95.23% of pregnant women[13]. At the end of gestation, around the 35thweek, the incidence of LBP may reach 71.3% and PP 64.7%14
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