Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Suppressed immune system and physiological changes in pregnancy put pregnant women vulnerable to various viral diseases. Various studies have reported adverse pregnancy outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 infection. This study aimed to evaluate the maternal and fetal outcomes in SARS-CoV-2 affected pregnancies at our set up. STUDY DESIGN: It was a prospective cohort study conducted at a tertiary care Army Hospital, India. The first 50 cases of SARS CoV-2 positive pregnant women and 144 suspected cases that were found SARS-CoV-2 negative, received and managed at separate set up, during a period extending from 01 April 2020 to 15 Sep 2020 were included in our study. Their obstetric and neonatal outcomes along with the demographic and other clinical data were compared. RESULTS: Total RT-PCR positivity rate of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnant women was 2.7%. 96% of our patients were asymptomatic for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Premature rupture of membrane, preterm delivery, and NICU admission was similar in both groups. There were increased incidences (70%) of cesarean section in SARS-CoV-2 positive pregnant women. CONCLUSION: The study reported comparable maternal and fetal outcomes in SARS-CoV 2 positive pregnant women when compared with SARS-CoV-2 negative pregnant women.
Highlights
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus-2, popularly known as Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) infection which originated from a wet market in Wuhan, China was declared a global pandemic by WHO on 11 Mar 2020
This was a prospective cohort study conducted at our tertiary care army hospital, working as a designated Covid set up since Mar 2020
All the pregnant women who reported in emergency and underwent delivery/ suction and evacuation for incomplete abortion with unknown Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (SARS)-CoV-2 status before the availability of test results and subsequently found reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test negative were taken as controls
Summary
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-Corona Virus-2, popularly known as Corona Virus Disease-19 (COVID-19) infection which originated from a wet market in Wuhan, China was declared a global pandemic by WHO on 11 Mar 2020. Department Obstetrics & Gynecology, Base Hospital and Army College of Medical Sciences Delhi Cantonment New Delhi, India. Address of Correspondence: Vinod Nair Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Base Hospital Delhi Cantonment, New Delhi, India, PIN-110010. MD: 0000-0003-3892-1529, RT: 0000-0003-3963-9074, DA: 0000-0002-8660-6737, Quick Response Code: Access this article online. Various physiological changes in cardiovascular and respiratory systems in pregnancy might worsen clinical outcomes in pregnant women whenever an infectious disease is contracted. Pregnancy is a special physiological condition in which an immunological adaptation in pregnant women maintains the fetal semi allograft. This immunomodulation is achieved by suppressing T cell activity which may predispose pregnant women to various infectious diseases [2,3]
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