Abstract
The rapid scientific and clinical advances in reproductive technologies have enabled many previously infertile couples to have children. It is difficult to assess the extent of infertility because of the differences in definition and lack of data (Effective Health Care 1992), but studies (for example Hull et al 1985) have suggested that as many as one in six couples may have some difficulty in conceiving. However, infertility is not a new problem, and references have been made to various ways in which it has been overcome throughout the history of the human race. One famous example is found in the Bible in the book of Genesis, where Sarah commissioned her handmaiden Hagar to bear a child for her husband Abraham, making this one of the earliest recorded cases of surrogacy.
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