Preformed polymers for Langmuir—Blodgett films

Abstract

Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films of simple molecules are usually fragile and this has prompted the study of polymeric lb films. Films have been prepared successfully from preformed polymers that are derivatives of various vinyl-maleic anhydride alternating copolymers. By using a computer-controlled trough polymeric films containing several hundred layers have been prepared. Low-angle X-ray scattering studies indicate that the films have a regular layer structure. By using a specially constructed trough, multilayers have been prepared in which alternate layers are polymeric, LB films prepared from polymers containing appropriate vinyl groups can be crosslinked by ultraviolet light or an electron beam (EB). This not only further stabilizes the films and renders them insoluble, but also allows patterns to be ‘ drawn ’ in the films. Films of these polymers have been used as submicrometre EB resists. Films suitable for second harmonic generation and electro-optic modulation have been prepared. Some further applications of polymeric LB films are outlined.