Abstract
Heating of polar coronal holes (PCH) during solar minimum and acceleration of the fast solar wind issuing therefrom lack comprehensive theoretical understanding. Wave–particle interactions are considered to have crucial effects on the extreme properties of heavy ions in the collisionless region of the PCH. In this paper, we have presented a novel sensitivity analysis to investigate plasma heating by radio waves at lower hybrid (LH) frequencies. We have employed a three-fluid Maxwell model comprising electrons, protons, and α-particles at around two solar radii heliocentric distance in the PCH and derived a dispersion relation as a 13th-order polynomial for the frequency. Our model provides indications of preferential heating of α-particles in comparison with protons by means of LH instabilities. We have employed the electron velocity and spatial charge distribution as our basic study tools so as to show the effects of alpha–proton differential mass and differential perpendicular velocity on the preferential heating of α-particles.
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