Abstract
ObjectivesTo elicit patients’ preferences for pharmacist services that can enhance medication management among people with diabetes in Indonesia. MethodsA discrete choice experiment (DCE) among 833 respondents with diabetes in 57 community health centers (CHCs) and three hospitals in Surabaya, Indonesia. Consultation was the baseline service. Four attributes of consultation and two attributes of additional services were used in the DCE profiles based on literature and expert opinion. The DCE choice sets generated were partially balanced and partially without overlap. Random effect logistic regression was used in the analysis. ResultsRespondents preferred a shorter duration of consultation and flexible access to the pharmacist offering the consultation. A private consultation room and lower copayment (fee) for services were also preferred. Respondents with experience in getting medication information from pharmacists, preferred to make an appointment for the consultation. Total monthly income and experience with pharmacist services influenced preferences for copayments. ConclusionDifferences in patients’ preferences identified in the study provide information on pharmacist services that meet patients’ expectations and contribute to improve medication management among people with diabetes. Practice implicationThis study provides insight into evaluating and designing pharmacist services in accordance with the preferences of people with diabetes in Indonesia.
Highlights
Medication management is essential for the optimal treatment of diabetes
Respondents from hospitals tended to have a longer duration of diabetes, comorbidities, and higher educational background compared to the community health centers (CHCs)
Additional patient group discussion or medication review increased the odds of a profile being selected
Summary
Medication management is essential for the optimal treatment of diabetes. Poor medication management increases the risk of complications and results in higher medical costs. The prevalence of poor medication management among people with diabetes is high and varies between 36–93 % worldwide, as reported by two systematic reviews [1,2]. Pharmacists, as part of a diabetes care team, can contribute to increased medication management by collaborating with the physician. A recent systematic review shows that many pharmacist services have been developed to improve medication management among people with diabetes, such as consultation, brochures/leaflets, medication review, patient group discussions, and telephone calls. These various services are shown to have a significant impact on improving glycemic goal and medication taking [4]
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