Preface

Abstract

The UN4DRR International Symposium on Disaster Risk Reduction, Mitigation and Environmental Sciences (The 2022 UN4DRR Symposium), Bogor, 21st July 2022 Disaster Risk Reduction, Mitigation and Environmental Sciences towards New Era Widiatmaka Widiatmaka Indonesia is a country where natural resources are vulnerable to disaster. This relates to the fact that this country is located on the equator. It is an archipelagic country with a large population and with specific geological formations. Natural disasters in Indonesia may constitute geological disasters such as earthquakes, volcanic and tsunami eruptions, hydro-meteorological disasters such as floods, drought, erosions, and anthropogenic disasters such as conflict, terror, and epidemic.The high geological disasters are due to the fact that the territory of Indonesia is located above the geological plate, which is a meeting place for three tectonic plates, namely the Eurasian, Indo-Australian, and Pacific plates. The collision between the plates is caused by high volcanic activity, which causes disaster events to occur often. The meeting point of the three plates forms a volcanic arc that stretches from Sumatra to Papua, characterized by a series of volcanic mountains scattered throughout the plate meeting zone. Although many articles have been written about geological disasters in Indonesia, its dynamic geological conditions are still interesting to be discussed. Moreover, various new analytical tools have been found.Indonesia is also a country with a high level of hydro-meteorological disasters. This is because this country has high rainfall with a monsoon climate. Based on data from the National Disaster Management Agency (BNPB), there were 6,528 natural disasters that claimed live 250,000 people in the period 1915-2010 (BNPB, 2015). The hydro-meteorological disaster is a dominant disaster in this country, with 80% of events. In terms of hydrometeorology, various articles are also widely discussed. However, the latest developments require an analysis in accordance with technological developments.In addition to hydro-meteorological and geological disasters, high population growth also causes vulnerability to disasters, both vulnerabilities caused by population pressure on natural resources and anthropogenic disasters. Human needs for food, clothing and housing have driven uncontrolled and destructive natural resources to be used, offsetting the balance of natural resources. Various data and studies show that most floods occur due to deforestation.The incidence of the COVID-19 pandemic that hit the whole world has generally improved the quality of the environment through decreased emissions and air pollution. However, this pandemic has also caused an increase in environmental pollution of waste generation, especially plastic waste and medical waste. The Indonesian Institute of Sciences said that domestic plastic waste increased from 1-5 to 5-10 grams per day per individual due to the COVID-19 Pandemic. In addition, the Ministry of Environment and Forestry recorded an increase in the production of medical waste, currently as many as 290 tons of medical waste per day (idnfinancials.com, 8th June 2020).List of Committees, Proceeding Editorial Board, Documentation of The 2022 UN4DRR Symposium are available in this Pdf.