Preface

Abstract

VEIT 2019 The International Summer School on Vacuum, Electron and Ion Technologies (VEIT) has been organized biennially since 1978, when the series of VEIT Schools was launched by the Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, with the aim to act as a forum for exchange and dissemination of knowledge and ideas on the latest developments in electron-, ion-, and plasmaassisted technologies. The organizers of the 2019 edition of the event were the Institute of Electronics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria and the Dutch Institute for Fundamental Energy Research, Eindhoven, The Netherlands. While the school has initially been providing a meeting place for researchers mainly from Eastern and Central European countries, its importance has grown issue by issue. The school is now a major scientific event and a meeting place for young scientists from Eastern and Western Europe involved in research and development associated with high-tech industries. Many former school participants have gone on to become leading scientists in research establishments and companies throughout the world. Leading international companies, such as High Voltage Engineering, Balzers, Varian, and Hauzer have used the VEIT forum to present their products through oral presentations, poster contributions or exhibits. The School Proceedings have been published in special issues of the international journals Vacuum, Plasma Processes and Polymers, Journal of Physics: Conference Series.The twentieth-first edition of VEIT was held in the Black Sea resort Sozopol, Bulgaria, from 23 to 27 September 2019. It was attended by 126 participants (32 students and young researchers) from 17 countries on three continents: Algeria, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Singapore, Slovenia, Sweden, The Czech Republic, The Netherlands, Turkey, Ukraine, UK.List of Guest Editors are available in this pdf.