Preeclampsia and pathology of placentation

Abstract

Etiology of pre-eclampsiaremainsunclear. However, it is recognized that genetic factors of both mothers and fathers sides can determine the development of this awesome complication of pregnancy. The interplay of genetic factors with external influences determines the risk level of pre-eclampsia. Today it is reasonable to assert that pre-eclampsia is a complication of pregnancy associated with the disturbances of the process of trophoblast invasion and changes in haemodynamics in spiral arteries. The process of trophoblast invasion proved to be coordinated by combined interaction of cytokines, factors of adhesion and different growth factors.Functional abnormalities of endothelium of placental and pre-placental vessels may be a result but not a cause of development ofpre-eclampsia, pathophysiology of which is studied still insufficiently. However, the disturbance оf NO, endothelein release and thrombocytes homeostasis as well are certain to be the main manifestations of this pregnancy complication. A fter revealing all the mechanisms of process of trophoblast invasion disturbances an actual possibility of early prevention and treatment of pre-eclampsia may be elaborated.