Abstract
Iron slag is a byproduct generated in huge quantities from recycled remnants of iron and steel factories; therefore, the possibility of using this waste in the removal of benzaldehyde from contaminated water offers an excellent topic in sustainability field. Results reveal that the removal efficiency was equal to 85% for the interaction of slag and water contaminated with benzaldehyde at the best operational conditions of 0.3 g/100 mL, 6, 180 min, and 250 rpm for the sorbent dosage, initial pH, agitation time, and speed, respectively with 300 mg/L initial concentration. The maximum uptake capacity of iron slag was 118.25 mg/g which was calculated by the Langmuir model. Physical sorption may be the major mechanism for the removal of benzaldehyde onto iron slag based on the analysis of isotherm and kinetic sorption data and thermodynamically, the process was spontaneous and endothermic. Finally, the X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy-dispersive spectroscope (EDS) tests for reactive material certified that the dissolution of calcium oxide can enhance the removal of benzaldehyde by the formation of bridge cations.
Highlights
Benzaldehyde is one of the most industrially useful members of the aromatic aldehydes family.It may exist in combined form such as apricot, glycoside in almond, peach seeds and cherry as well as being utilized in the beverage, food, pharmaceutical, perfume, dyestuff, and soap industries
To prepare the aqueous solution contaminated with certain concentrations of benzaldehyde at room temperature, this compound was dissolved firstly in ethanol (C2 H6 O) and the mixture added to distilled water
The porosity, bulk density, ash content, pH and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) surface area of composition of granular iron slag was performed at room temperature using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis as plotted in the iron slag has the values of 0.41, 2.026 g/cm3, 10%, 8 and 0.2571 m2/g respectively
Summary
Benzaldehyde is one of the most industrially useful members of the aromatic aldehydes family. It may exist in combined form such as apricot, glycoside in almond, peach seeds and cherry as well as being utilized in the beverage, food, pharmaceutical, perfume, dyestuff, and soap industries. The most important use of benzaldehyde is the manufacturing of different organic products. Benzaldehyde can occur naturally in different plants and light has influenced its composition; so, benzoic acid can be produced from oxidizing benzaldehyde in air. The destruction or removal of benzaldehyde, benzoic acid and other organic compounds related to benzaldehyde from waste streams becomes a major environmental problem [1,2,3]
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