Pre-doctoral dental students' computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing-related education, knowledge, attitudes and behavior: A national survey.

Abstract

Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology transformed the world of restorative dentistry. The objectives were to assess pre-doctoral dental students' CAD/CAM-related education, knowledge, attitudes, and professional behavior, and to explore the relationships between the year in dental school and these constructs. A total of 358 pre-doctoral dental students from 17 of the 68 US dental schools responded to a web-based anonymous survey. CAD/CAM-related classroom-based education was likely to happen in lectures (87.2%) and simulated exercises as part of a class (86.9%). Faculty were most likely to provide CAD/CAM instruction (87.9%), with staff (44.8%) and dental technicians (20.2%) being engaged as well. Preclinical education included video demonstrations (81.8%), demonstrations during a lecture (76.4%) or for smaller groups of students (69.2%), hands-on workshops (65.6%), and individual instruction (50.4%). Considering the digital workflow in clinics, 45.2% reported using intraoral scans. The more advanced the students were in their program, the more CAD/CAM knowledge (r=0.27; p<0.001) and knowledge about what can be fabricated with CAD/CAM technology they had (r=0.25; p<0.001). However, the student's satisfaction with the education about CAD/CAM did not increase over the years (r= -0.04; n.s.) and remained neutral, while their attitudes became more positive the longer they were in dental school (r=0.13; p<0.05). Their attitudes were quite positive, with most students considering that CAD/CAM is the future of dentistry (5=most positive: Mean=4.34), agreeing that they enjoyed working with CAD/CAM (Mean=4.11) and that CAD/CAM has the potential of making them a better dentist (Mean=4.07). The majority of students in the US dental schools appreciate CAD/CAM technology, consider it to be the future of dentistry, and believe it makes them better dentists. The fact that the majority is not satisfied with their classroom-based, preclinical and clinical CAD/CAM-related education should therefore be a call to action to rethink dental school curricula in this content area.