Abstract
BackgroundNon-participation in cohort studies, if associated with both the exposure and occurrence of the event, can introduce bias in the estimates of interest. This study aims to identify factors associated with follow-up participation in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, a large-scale community-based prospective study in West Asia.MethodsA sample of 10,368 adults from TLGS was included in the analysis. All analyses were split according to sex and age groups (20–39, 40–59, and 60 years). The associations between socio-demographic, health, and lifestyle factors with response rate were identified using the Generalized Estimating Equations model.ResultsOver the median of 15.7 years of follow up the response rate was 64.5%. The highest response rate was observed in those aged 40–59 years for both sexes. Current smokers had lower odds of response in both sexes for all age groups, ranging from 0.51 to 0.74, p < 0.01. In young adults, being single (OR = 0.79, OR = 0.57, p ≤ 0.01, respectively for men and women) and unemployed (OR = 0.73, OR = 0.76, p ≤ 0.01, respectively for men and women) in both sexes, high physical activity in men (OR = 0.77, p < 0.01), high education (OR = 0.75, p = 0.02) and obesity (OR = 0.85, p = 0.05) in women were associated with lower response rate. For the middle-aged group, diabetes in men (OR = 0.77, p = 0.05) and hypertension (OR = 0.84, p = 0.05), and having a history of cancer (OR = 0.43, p = 0.03) in women were factors associated with lower response rates. Finally, interventions for both sexes (OR = 0.75, OR = 0.77, p ≤ 0.05, respectively for men and women) and being divorced/widow in women (OR = 0.77, p = 0.05) were the factors associated with the lower response rate in the elderly.ConclusionsLong-term participation was influenced by socio-demographic, health, and lifestyle factors in different sex- and age-specific patterns in TLGS. Recruitment strategies targeting these factors may improve participant follow-up in longitudinal studies.
Highlights
Non-participation in cohort studies, if associated with both the exposure and occurrence of the event, can introduce bias in the estimates of interest
To the best of our knowledge, Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) is the first large-scale community-based prospective study in West Asia focused on monitoring Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and related risk factors and lifestyle intervention to prevent these disorders in an urban population in Iran [12]
In the current study, a total of 10,368 adults (57.6% women) with a mean age of 42.75 ± 15.0 participated at baseline, and 3931 (37.9%) of them have been considered as the intervention group
Summary
Non-participation in cohort studies, if associated with both the exposure and occurrence of the event, can introduce bias in the estimates of interest. This study aims to identify factors associated with follow-up participa‐ tion in Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study, a large-scale community-based prospective study in West Asia. Monitoring NCDs and related risk factors to prevent and control the burden of these diseases to promote population health in Iranian populations seems essential. The cohort studies are the main research methods for understanding the etiology and prognosis of NCDs within populations by determining the causal effects of the environmental exposure factors that influence disease outbreaks. To the best of our knowledge, Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS) is the first large-scale community-based prospective study in West Asia focused on monitoring NCDs and related risk factors and lifestyle intervention to prevent these disorders in an urban population in Iran [12]
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