Predictors of sleep difficulties in college students

Abstract

IntroductionCollege students are known for their variable sleep schedules. Such schedules, along with other common student practices are associated with poor sleep hygiene. The persistence of the precipitating stressor is one of the factors involved in the persistence of insomnia.AimsTo examine the role of the perceived stress, perseverative thinking, strategies of cognitive emotion regulation and negative affect as predictors of sleep difficulties.MethodsThe sample comprises 549 college students.MeasuresPSS-10, PTQ, CERQ and POMS-58. Three questions were used to access difficulties in initiating sleep (DIS), maintaining sleep (DMS) and early morning wakening (EMA). A Sleep Difficulties Index (SDI) was calculated by summing DIS, DMS and EMA scores.ResultsIn total sample, the multiple linear regression explained 27.7% of the SDI total variance (R2 = .277, F(9, 375) = 15,942, P < .0001). The significant predictors of the total variance of SDI were perceived distress (B = .246, P = .0001), repetitive thought (B = .189, P = .005), cognitive interference and unproductiveness (B = −.188, P = .006), rumination (B = .130, P = .044) and negative affect (B = .156, P = .018).ConclusionsPreventive interventions focused on predictor factors (perceived stress, perseverative thinking, rumination and negative affect) should be considered in order to promote better mental health in college students.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.