Predictors of poor glycemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes on follow-up care at a tertiary healthcare setting in Ethiopia

Gebre Teklemariam Demoz,Workineh Shibeshi,Gebremariam Woldu,Helen Yifter,Gebremicheal Gebreslassie,Minyahil Alebachew,Yirga Legesse Niriayo,Degena Bahrey,Alem Gebremariam

doi:10.1186/s13104-019-4248-6

Gebre Teklemariam Demoz, Workineh Shibeshi + Show 7 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-019-4248-6

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Abstract

ObjectiveContemporary clinical guidelines endorsed that glycemic control is the ultimate goal in the management patients with diabetes. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of glycemic control and to identify predictors of poor glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). A cross-sectional study was conducted among systematically selected 357 diabetic patients. Data were collected through direct patients’ interviews and medical chart review. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed and analyzed using SPSS version 22.0.ResultsParticipants’ mean age was (± SD) 56.1 ± 11.6 years. Nearly four in five (77.9%) of the participants had comorbidities, mainly of hypertension, and 60.2% had diabetic complications, mainly diabetes neuropathy. Poor glycemic control was found in 68.3% of the participants with a mean (± SD) FBG of 174.1 ± 48.9 mg/dL. Being female gender, having greater body mass index and low medication adherence was significantly associated with poor glycemic control. In conclusion, the overall aspects of glycemic control level of patients were far from the standards. Being female, greater body mass index and poor medication adherence were predictors of poor glycemic control. In response to this finding, an aggressive intervention that targets in improving the glycemic control is required.

Highlights

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to a deficiency in insulin secretion, insulin action or both [1–3]
Poor glycemic control was found in 68.3% of the participants with a mean (± SD) fasting blood glucose (FBG) of 174.1 ± 48.9 mg/dL
Being female gender, having greater body mass index and low medication adherence was significantly associated with poor glycemic control

Summary

Results

Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics A total of 357 study participants were included in the study. More participants (60.2%) with poor glycemic control had one or more diabetes complication. 68.3% of participants were found to have poor glycemic control. The odds of poor glycemic control among participants who had obese was increased by more than three times (AOR = 3.51, 95% CI 1.82–4.01, p = 0.027) compared to participants with normal body weight. The odds of poor glycemic control among patients who had poor adherence to their medication were five times Male Female Mean (± SD) Never married Ever married No formal education Primary (1–8) Secondary (9–12) Tertiary (graduates) No Yes No Yes Normal Overweight Obese Good Poor Controlled Uncontrolled Oral alone Oral + insulin Insulin Low adherence High adherence Poor adherence Good adherence.

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