Abstract
BackgroundThe internet has become the most widely used medium among teenagers, who spend much of their time online, which raises parental concerns. Notwithstanding teens’ increased internet use and exposure to online risks, little is yet known about parental internet mediation in local settings. The present research aimed to assess the various dimensions of parental mediation to regulate teens’ use of the internet and their predictors.MethodsA cross-sectional survey was conducted in the district of Lahore, Pakistan, among mothers/female caregivers of teens (aged 13–19 years). Only women were interviewed because they are more frequently engaged as primary caregivers than fathers or male caregivers. Furthermore, only qualified and working mothers from the top two professions among women, i.e. academia and medicine, were interviewed. A stratified random sampling technique was adopted, and 347 mothers were interviewed using face-to-face interviews at 11 universities and 11 hospitals/medical colleges. Data were entered and analysed using descriptive, bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.ResultsThe findings highlighted that more than 65% of respondents applied highly active mediation of internet safety, around 60% used highly active co-use mediation and more than 56% applied restrictive mediation. In addition, 36% of respondents monitored and 15.3% technically mediated to regulate their teens’ use of the internet. The results of the multivariate logistic regression revealed that the majority of respondents were more inclined to adopt active internet safety mediation if they had teens aged 16–19 years, with medium internet addiction, possessed good digital skills, felt confident about their teens’ coping appraisal to perform online protection, and considered their teens to have high self-esteem and resilience.ConclusionsThis research found that parental internet mediation is a multifaceted concept used to regulate teens’ online activity and enhance a resilient approach to reduce the risks associated with use of the internet. The researchers recommend developing parental guidelines, e-safety resource material, local support networks and community programmes to educate parents, teachers and teens in order to raise awareness and promote resilient pathways amongst teens.
Highlights
The internet has become the most widely used medium among teenagers, who spend much of their time online, which raises parental concerns
This research found that parental internet mediation is a multifaceted concept used to regulate teens’ online activity and enhance a resilient approach to reduce the risks associated with use of the internet
Literature recommends that parental mediation (PM) depends upon the family’s socio-economic status, where parents from middle to high status raise their children in digitally rich environments and home ecologies, which determine their quantity and quality of internet use, as well as parents’ confidence in mediation [38]
Summary
The internet has become the most widely used medium among teenagers, who spend much of their time online, which raises parental concerns. Online virtual environments stimulate teens’ self-presentation and identity experiments, through the sharing of their selfcreated content, posts and pictures online [3]. For this reason, they are considered more digitally literate than their parents – leading to a generation gap [4,5,6]. The increased use of the internet among teens, their concerns about online identity and privacy, and their strong association with peers, alongside reduced communication with parents, enhance their susceptibility to online risks [7]
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