Predictors of outcomes after rotator cuff repair—A meta-analysis

Abstract

Study DesignSystematic review. IntroductionClinical outcomes associated with rotator cuff repair (RCR) are generally favorable, but no study has attempted to establish a set of predictors that affect outcomes. Purpose of StudyThis study aims to statistically analyze articles and establish a set of predictors that affect outcomes after RCR. MethodsAn electronic literature search of multiple databases was conducted to identify studies that addressed prognosis after RCR. Quality ratings were conducted with a prognostic study evaluation tool. Summary data for predictors and outcomes were extracted, entered in comprehensive meta-analysis software, transformed where necessary, and pooled to allow for estimation of odds ratio for each predictor. ResultsFrom 18 studies, 3 were high quality, 7 were moderate and 8 were low-quality studies. Fatty infiltration had a significant negative effect (OR = 9.3), whereas larger tear size, lower preoperative muscle strength (OR = 4.0), multiple tendon involvement (OR = 6.0), diabetes, and worker's compensation status (OR = 8.7) had a moderate negative effect on outcomes after RCR. Older age had a modest negative effect on cuff integrity at follow-up (OR = 2.8), but no significant effect on function. In addition, a history of trauma, smoking, and duration of symptoms before surgery had no significant effect on outcomes. DiscussionInjury to the cuff (body structure), physical impairment, personal factors and social factors affects outcomes; although the importance of predictors varies between anatomic and functional outcomes. ConclusionsA multifactorial biopsychosocial prognosis should be considered in management. Level of EvidenceLevel 2.