Predictors of health-related quality of life in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in the heart failure stage

Abstract

Objective To survey the quality of life and its influencing factors among patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in the heart failure stage. Methods During September of 2013 to December of 2014, 80 patients diagnosed of dilated cardiomyopathy in the heart failure stage were recruited as participants in major hospital in Wenzhou city. All of them finished questionnaires including general condition questionnaire and Chinese version of SF-36 v2, and corresponding pathography were read by investigators to complete the general condition questionnaire. The descriptive statistics analysis was used to describe general data of participants; mean ± standard deviation was used to analyze measurement data; percentage was used to analyze count data; rank-sum test was used to compare two or multiple groups; multiple factor logistic regression analysis (Pin = 0.05, Pout = 0.1) was used to analyze influencing factors of physical component summary and mental component summary based on the norm of the SF-36v2 with the independent variables showing a statistical significance in one-way ANOVA. Results The scores of eight dimensions (physical function; role-physical; bodily pain; general health; vitality; social function; role-emotional; mental health); reported health transition two component summary (PCS: physical component summary; MCS mental component summary) of the SF-36 v2 were all significantly lower in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in the heart failure stage, and they were 20.18 ± 14.66, 31.91 ± 10.00, 45.07±11.49, 30.76±7.01, 37.56±11.59, 24.87±11.67, 36.01±13.97, 36.47±11.29, 26.96±12.09, 40.75± 12.28 respectively. One-way ANOVA showed that gender (Z=-2.05, P=0.04), education (H=8.37, P=0.02), belief (Z=- 2.19, P=0.03), insurance (H=8.49, P=0.01), actual annual income (H=6.52, P=0.04), NYHA classes (H=5.55, P=0.04), comorbidity (Z=- 2.27, P=0.02) significantly influenced physical component summary, while marital status (Z=-2.37, P=0.02), age (H=10.51, P=0.01), living condition (H=19.76, P= 0.00) significantly influenced mental component summary. Multiple factor Logistic regression analysis showed gender (t=3.50,P=0.00), education(t=2.70,P=0.01), NYHA classes (t=-2.84,P=0.01) and comorbidity (t=-3.52,P=0.00) were the main factors influencing the patients' physical component summary, while marital status (t=2.88, P=0.01) was the only one factor influencing the patients' mental component summary. Conclusions The quality of life among patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in the heart failure stage was low. Better managing and controlling comorbidity and heart failure, and strengthening partner' support were the key measures to improve the quality of life among patients with dilated cardiomyopathy in the heart failure stage. Key words: Dilated cardiomyopathy; Heart failure; Factor analysis