Predictors of Futile Recanalization After Endovascular Treatment in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke in a Multicenter Registry Study

Abstract

BackgroundFutile recanalization, defined as the early recanalization of an occluded artery failing to improve neurological outcome, remains a persistent concern in the endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke. We investigated the occurrence and predictors of futile recanalization after endovascular treatment in a nationwide multicenter stroke registry study. MethodsThe subjects consisted of eligible patients from the Acute Ischemic Stroke Cooperation Group of Endovascular Treatment registry study (2015–2017). Subjects with acute anterior large vessel occlusion who achieved successful angiographic recanalization (defined as modified Thrombolysis in Cerebral Infarction grades 2b or 3) by endovascular treatment were dichotomized into the futile-recanalization group (with a modified Rankin Scale score of 3–6) and the favorable-recanalization group (with a modified Rankin Scale score of 0–2) according to 90-day functional independence. Logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate predictors of futile recanalization. ResultsFutile recanalization was observed in 200 (49.6%) out of 403 patients. On multivariate analysis, older age (>74 vs. ≤74; odds ratio (OR), 2.41; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.31–4.44; P=0.005), high baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score (>21 vs. ≤13; OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 1.21–5.28; P=0.014), delayed puncture to recanalization time (>80 vs. ≤80 min; OR, 2.75; 95% CI, 1.67–4.51; P=0.000), and the use of general anesthesia (OR, 1.90; 95% CI, 1.15–3.14; P=0.012) were positively associated with futile recanalization after mechanical thrombectomy. ConclusionsThe incidence of futile recanalization is common following endovascular treatment among Asian patients with anterior circulation occlusion. Advanced age, higher baseline National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, delayed puncture to reperfusion, and the use of general anesthesia are associated with lower functional independence 90 days post-treatment despite successful recanalization.