Predictors of change in affect in response to high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) and sprint interval exercise (SIE)

Abstract

Affect is typically positive at intensities below the lactate or ventilatory threshold, yet more aversive responses occur at supra-threshold intensities which may reduce positive perceptions of exercise. Completion of high intensity interval exercise (HIIE) typically elicits a reduction in affect, yet greater post-exercise enjoyment has been reported in response to HIIE versus moderate intensity continuous exercise (MICE). This study examined affectual responses to HIIE and sprint interval exercise (SIE) in 71 active men and women (age = 24.0 ± 4.8 year). Participants performed various HIIE and SIE regimes on the cycle ergometer during which affect (+5 – −5 scale), rating of perceived exertion (RPE, Borg 1–10 scale), and blood lactate concentration (BLa) were determined. Enjoyment was measured post-exercise using the PACES scale. Predictors of change in these variables in response to exercise were identified using multiple regression. Results showed a significant reduction in affect (p = .001) which was greater (p = .03) with SIE (−5.7 ± 2.7) compared to HIIE (−4.3 ± 2.4). Nevertheless, there was marked variability in the affect response across participants, as its change ranged from −1 to −7 units from pre- to post-exercise in 85% of all sessions. Sixty two percent of the change in affect seen across regimes was explained by baseline affect, BLa, and enjoyment. Significant associations were shown between the change in affect and baseline affect (r = −0.46, p < .001) and change in RPE (r = −0.59, p < .001). In addition, RPE significantly increased in response to HIIE (6.1 ± 1.7) and SIE (6.9 ± 2.0) but was not different (p = .050) between regimes. Our findings document an intensity-dependent relationship between affect and intensity during interval training, as supramaximal intensities elicit a larger decline in affect compared to submaximal intensities. In addition, pre-exercise affect is associated with the magnitude of change in affect reported in response to interval exercise.