Predictors of cardiovascular mortality after an electrical storm in patients with structural heart disease

Abstract

BackgroundElectrical storms (ESs) in patients with structural heart disease (SHD) have been reported to be associated with a poor prognosis. However, the detailed cause of death and influence of implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) therapy in ES patients have not been fully investigated. Therefore, we sought to explore the detailed clinical course after an ES and the impact of the ICD therapy in patients with SHDs. MethodsWe retrospectively analyzed 31 consecutive patients with ESs who had undergone an ICD implantation. ESs were defined as three or more ventricular arrhythmias within 24 h. ResultsDuring a mean follow up of 4.5 years, 13 patients died. Among them, cardiovascular death (CVD) was observed in 11/13 (85%), and the leading cause of the CVD was end-stage heart failure. A New York Heart Association class ≥III at the time of the ES occurrence (HR 6.51 95% CI 1.94–25.1, p = 0.003) and any shock therapy (HR 5.94 95% CI 1.06–112.2, p = 0.04) were associated with CVD. ConclusionIn the current single center study, the major cause of death in ES patients with SHDs was end-stage heart failure. Any shock therapy was associated with CVD. Arrhythmia management to avoid ICD shocks might reduce the mortality in ES patients.