Predictors of an improvement in the severity of concomitant urodynamic stress incontinence after transvaginal mesh surgery for pelvic organ prolapse

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Factors affecting the anti-incontinence efficacy of a tailored anterior transvaginal mesh (ATVM) surgery are undetermined. Thus, our aim was to investigate predictors for anti-incontinence efficacy of this ATVM surgery. Medical records of women with pelvic organ prolapse and concomitant evident or occult urodynamic stress incontinence, who underwent the ATVM surgery but without concomitant anti-incontinence surgery, were reviewed. A total of 134 women were reviewed, including those who underwent ATVM only (n=45), ATVM and posterior transvaginal mesh surgery (n=88), and ATVM with total vaginal hysterectomy (n=1). Multivariable analysis revealed that stage of cystocele (coefficient=56.4), functional profile length (cm, coefficient=61.1) and the score of general health perceptions in the King's Health Questionnaire (coefficient=-3.3) were independent predictors of the percentage change in pad weight from baseline. Seven (5.2%) women were found to have recurrent or persistent stress urinary incontinence, and 6 of the above 7 women underwent transobturator mid-urethral sling procedure. Free of further anti-incontinence surgery probabilities were 94.7% and 89.2% at 3 and 6 years after surgery, respectively. Functional profile length (hazard ratio=2.61) was also identified as a predictor for further anti-incontinence surgery. Lesser degree of cystocele, shorter functional profile length and poorer general health perceptions were predictors of greater anti-incontinence effect after the tailored ATVM surgery. Besides, longer functional profile length was also a predictor for further anti-incontinence surgery after the ATVM surgery.