Predictors of adverse outcomes in pregnant women with intrauterine hematoma

Abstract

To investigate the relationship between clinical features evaluated at presentation and the presence of adverse maternal or perinatal outcomes in pregnant women with intrauterine hematoma (IUH). Pregnant women aged 18 years and over who were diagnosed with IUH and had a single live fetus of six to 12 weeks at that time were retrospectively reviewed for the period from January 1, 2019 to July 30, 2021. The patients were divided into two groups according to the presence or absence of adverse pregnancy outcomes after IUH. The clinical features of the patients were evaluated. The effect of clinical factors on adverse pregnancy outcomes was determined using the logistic regression analysis. We found adverse pregnancy outcomes in 31.6% (n=42) of 133 patients included in the study. According to the multiple logistic regression analysis, age≥35 years [odds ratio (OR): 2.62, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.16-4.37, p<0.001], presence of vaginal bleeding (OR: 2.53, 95% CI: 1.34-3.89, p=0.001), hematoma size≥4 cm (OR: 2.38, 95% CI: 1.08-4.15, p=0.023) and presence of retroplacental hematoma (OR: 2.44, 95% CI: 1.68-3.56, p<0.001) were risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes. In the presence of IUH, pregnant women aged ≥35 years and those with vaginal bleeding, hematoma size of ≥4 cm, and retroplacental hematoma are at risk of adverse pregnancy outcomes. These factors can help identify pregnant women who require close monitoring.