Abstract
Abstract Introduction The incidence of lip, oral cavity and oropharynx cancer in Brazil is one of the highest worldwide. Objective This study aimed to identify predictors for oral cancer in Brazil between 2010 and 2013. Method Through a time series study in which 14,959 primary head and neck cancer diagnoses were evaluated. The variables of interest were gender, age, race, education level, family history of cancer, alcohol consumption, smoking, and previous cancer diagnosis. The outcome variable was divided into “oral cancer” and “cancer of other head and neck regions.” The data were analysed by multiple binary logistic regression; α=5%. Result The protective factor was: approximately 12 years of education (OR = 0.85). The risk factors were: being an ex-consumer (OR=1.19) or consumer (OR=1.11) of alcohol, tobacco use (OR=1.35) and a prior diagnosis of cancer that went untreated (OR=1.21). Conclusion Was concluded that the oral cancer had the following predictors compared to other types of head and neck cancer during the same period: approximately 12 years of education (protective factor) and ex-consumer or consumer of alcohol, smoking and previous diagnosis of cancer that went untreated (risk factors).
Highlights
The incidence of lip, oral cavity and oropharynx cancer in Brazil is one of the highest worldwide
The ages of individuals affected by oral cancer and other head and neck regions corresponded to the ages reported by Casati et al.[19], who found that head and neck cancers usually developed between 50 and 70 years of age
Chor et al.[17] did not establish the age variable as a risk factor for cancer in lip, oral cavity and oropharynx; this result differed from the study by Ribeiro et al.[11], where increasing age was associated with cancers of the lip and oral cavity
Summary
The incidence of lip, oral cavity and oropharynx cancer in Brazil is one of the highest worldwide. Conclusion: Was concluded that the oral cancer had the following predictors compared to other types of head and neck cancer during the same period: approximately 12 years of education (protective factor) and ex-consumer or consumer of alcohol, smoking and previous diagnosis of cancer that went untreated (risk factors). There have been approximately 300,000 new cases of cancer in the lip, oral cavity and oropharynx and approximately 140,000 deaths[3] The incidence of these types of cancer in Brazil is one of the highest worldwide[4,5]. Cancers located in the lip, oral cavity and oropharynx regions are generally grouped together in epidemiological studies because they have similar histopathological characteristics and risk factors[6]. The increase in cancers located in the head and neck regions[7,8,9,10] has attracted academic interest, especially in the search for preventable risk factors related to habits and life styles[11,12].
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