Predictive value of fetal renal artery Doppler indices in idiopathic oligohydramnios and polyhydramnios

Abstract

Objective The aim of this work was to study the relation of renal artery (RA) and umbilical artery (UA) flow velocity waveforms and amniotic fluid volume in normal pregnancies and those complicated by either polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios. Background There is a relation between RA and UA flow velocity waveforms and amniotic fluid volume in normal pregnancies and those complicated by either polyhydramnios or oligohydramnios. Patients and methods All patients were enrolled from patients attending the outpatient clinic of El-Galaa Maternity Teaching Hospital. All patients were matched for maternal age, gestational age, and parity at the time of sonography, comparing RA Doppler indices pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index at 22, 28, and 34 weeks in three groups. Group I consisted of 20 patients of normal amniotic fluid index, group II consisted of 20 patients with oligohydramnios, and group III consisted of 20 patients with polyhydramnios. Results RA PI values were higher in group II than group I at 22 weeks, 28 weeks, and 34 weeks. The PI value at 28 weeks of gestation was statistically significant (P = 0.016). At 28 weeks of gestation, group II also had higher UA PI and resistance index values than group I. Conclusion An increase in RA PI develops in early pregnancy before the development of oligohydramnios. In pregnancies developing polyhydramnios, RA PI was lower.