Predictive factors for short-term biochemical recurrence-free survival after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer patients.

Abstract

We aimed to assess the short-term oncological outcomes of robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy to determine the predictive factors associated with biochemical recurrence in high-risk prostate cancer patients. A total of 331 patients with localized prostate cancer underwent robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. Of them, 113 patients were diagnosed with high-risk prostate cancer according to the D'Amico risk group classification. We evaluated the association between pre- or postoperative predictive factors and biochemical recurrence using Cox regression analysis. The 2-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 65.0% in the high-risk group. On univariate analyses, PSA level > 20ng/mL, Gleason pattern 5 component on biopsy, pathological stage T3 or higher, perineural invasion, and positive surgical margin were predictive factors for biochemical recurrence. On multivariate analysis, PSA level > 20ng/mL, Gleason pattern 5 component on biopsy, perineural invasion, and positive surgical margin were identified as independent predictive factors. The 2-year biochemical recurrence-free survival rate was 36.5% for patients with PSA level > 20ng/mL and/or Gleason pattern 5 component on biopsy. PSA level > 20ng/mL and/or presence of the Gleason pattern 5 component on biopsy are predictive factors for early biochemical recurrence after robot-assisted laparoscopic radical prostatectomy in high-risk prostate cancer patients. We considered that these patients require a combined modality therapy to improve their prognosis.