Predictive factors for alteration of diastolic function in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction

Abstract

Introduction: Diastolic dysfunction is common in patients with myocardial infarction and is associated with a poor prognosis. Our aim in this study is to describe diastolic function and identify factors predictive of worsening diastolic function in patients admitted in the acute phase of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction Materials and methods: This was a retrospective descriptive and analytical cohort study performed at the Cardiology Department of the University Hospital of Oujda between November 1, 2018 and October 31, 2019 including patients who presented with STEMI. Echocardiographic results were recorded to assess diastolic function within 48 hours of STEMI. The study population was divided into two groups: Group I (normal diastolic function n=49) and Group II (diastolic dysfunction n=141). Results: Our study included 204 patients, 155 (76%) of whom were men. The mean age was 63 years (SD=11), 69% of patients had diastolic dysfunction, 24.5% of whom had elevated left ventricular filling pressure. Data analysis showed that diabetes (P=0.011), previous anterior myocardial infarction location (P=0.05), impaired left ventricular ejection fraction (P<0.001), left ventricular hypertrophy (P=0.002), high blood glucose on admission (P=0.02) and anemia (P=0.017) were independent predictors of diastolic dysfunction. Conclusion: Knowledge of these predictive factors is important for early detection of those at risk of developing heart failure and requiring strict clinical and echocardiographic monitoring.