Abstract

BackgroundBreast cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting women during their life, there are many histological types of breast cancer that have different biological behaviors. Tumors have different genetic and molecular differences which affect the expression of various hormone receptors.Patients and methodsThe aim of this study is to show the factors that determine the axillary lymph node involvement in patients with breast cancer in Duhok city.A total number of 479 female patients with breast cancer of various histological types, immunohistochemical characteristics, and clinical stages were included in this study. These patients underwent modified radical mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection.ResultsThe mean age of our patients was 48.24 years, the mean number of the positive lymph nodes were 2 lymph nodes, the median size of the tumor was 30 mm. A significant correlation was found with the size of the tumor and the estrogen receptor status (P values (0.000 and 0.042) respectively, while there was no significant correlation with other factors such as the age, stage of the tumor, grade of the tumor, tumor necrosis, progesterone and HER-2 receptors status.ConclusionSize of the tumor and the estrogen receptor status were the most common factors that determined axillary lymph node involvement in patients with breast cancer in our study.

Highlights

  • Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer that affects women during their life time worldwide

  • Axillary lymph involvement had been shown by many authors to be the most important factor that affects the management and the prognosis of breast cancer patients [17]

  • Some centers adopt the axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy in the management of the axilla in breast cancer patients, this may decrease the rate of the axillary lymph node dissection in node negative patients [18]

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Summary

Introduction

Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer that affects women during their life time worldwide. Breast cancer is the most common type of cancer affecting women during their life, there are many histological types of breast cancer that have different biological behaviors. A total number of 479 female patients with breast cancer of various histological types, immunohistochemical characteristics, and clinical stages were included in this study. These patients underwent modified radical mastectomy and axillary lymph node dissection. Conclusion: Size of the tumor and the estrogen receptor status were the most common factors that determined axillary lymph node involvement in patients with breast cancer in our study

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