Abstract
The anamalous properties of Invar, or 35 at% Ni-Fe alloy, such as a low thermal expansion coefficient, instability of ferromagnetism, anomalous temperature dependence of elastic properties, enhancement of low thermal expansivity due to cold rolling, are interpreted in terms of low-spin state transition model. It is concluded that the low spin state of Fe atom has a relatively small atomic volume and its energy depends strongly on the number of neighbouring Fe atoms. The shape of the low spin state is much deformed from a spherical shape, and this tendency is exaggerated for Fe-Fe pairs.
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