Abstract
Abstract In this paper we use radiative transfer + N-body simulations to explore the feasibility of measurements of cross-correlations between the 21 cm field observed by the Square Kilometer Array (SKA) and high-z Lyman Alpha Emitters (LAEs) detected in galaxy surveys with the Subaru Hyper Supreme Cam (HSC), Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS) and Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST). 21cm-LAE cross-correlations are in fact a powerful probe of the epoch of reionization as they are expected to provide precious information on the progress of reionization and the typical scale of ionized regions at different redshifts. The next generation observations with SKA will have a noise level much lower than those with its precursor radio facilities, introducing a significant improvement in the measurement of the cross-correlations. We find that an SKA-HSC/PFS observation will allow to investigate scales below ∼10 h−1 Mpc and ∼60 h−1 Mpc at z = 7.3 and 6.6, respectively. WFIRST will allow to access also higher redshifts, as it is expected to observe spectroscopically ∼900 LAEs per square degree and unit redshift in the range 7.5 ≤ z ≤ 8.5. Because of the reduction of the shot noise compared to HSC and PFS, observations with WFIRST will result in more precise cross-correlations and increased observable scales.
Highlights
The detection of the 21-cm line from high-redshift neutral hydrogen (H I) is one of the last observational frontiers and the goal of several present and upcoming radio facilities such as the Low Frequency Array1 (LOFAR), the Murchison Widefield Array2 (MWA), the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array3 (HERA), and the Square Kilometre Array4 (SKA)
In this paper, we use radiative transfer+N-body simulations to explore the feasibility of measurements of cross-correlations between the 21-cm field observed by the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) and high-z Lyman α emitters (LAEs) detected in galaxy surveys with the Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC), Subaru Prime Focus Spectrograph (PFS), and Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST). 21cm–LAE cross-correlations are a powerful probe of the epoch of reionization as they are expected to provide precious information on the progress of reionization and the typical scale of ionized regions at different redshifts
Because of the reduction of the shot noise compared to HSC and PFS, observations with WFIRST will result in more precise cross-correlations and increased observable scales
Summary
The detection of the 21-cm line from high-redshift neutral hydrogen (H I) is one of the last observational frontiers and the goal of several present and upcoming radio facilities such as the Low Frequency Array (LOFAR), the Murchison Widefield Array (MWA), the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). Such observational campaigns will provide the first constraints on the history of hydrogen reionization and the evolution of the properties of the high-z intergalactic medium (IGM; see Pritchard & Loeb 2012 for a review).
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