Abstract
In this work we present dipole scattering amplitudes, including the dependence on the impact-parameter, for a variety of nuclear targets of interest for the electron-ion colliders (EICs) being currently designed. These amplitudes are obtained by numerically solving the Balitsky-Kovchegov equation with the collinearly improved kernel. Two different cases are studied: initial conditions representing the nucleus under consideration and the solutions based on an initial condition representing a proton complemented by a Glauber-Gribov prescription to obtain dipole-nucleus amplitudes. We find that the energy evolution of these two approaches differ. We use the obtained dipole scattering amplitudes to predict ($i$) nuclear structure functions that can be measured in deep-inelastic scattering at EICs and ($ii$) nuclear suppression factors that reveal the energy evolution of shadowing for the different cases we studied. We compare our predictions with the available data.
Highlights
Feasibility studies for electron-ion colliders (EICs), like those proposed in the USA [1] or at CERN [2], are an essential ingredient towards the design of these machines
We study two cases: solutions obtained from an initial condition representing the nuclei, and solutions of the proton case coupled to a Glauber-Gribov prescription to obtain the nuclear structure functions
Note that the parameters of the model are quite constrained already: Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator (HERA) data restricts the values to be taken for the proton target, the parameters of Woods-Saxon distributions are well know from sources independent to this analysis, and the initial condition is fixed by using the EPPS16 parametrization which concentrates our best knowledge of the nuclear structure at those scales
Summary
Feasibility studies for electron-ion colliders (EICs), like those proposed in the USA [1] or at CERN [2], are an essential ingredient towards the design of these machines. The study of the structure function F2A(x, Q2) at small Bjorken x for photons of virtuality Q2 at a perturbative scale, and for a variety of nuclei A, is expected to yield a new understanding of the high-energy limit of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) Comparison of these measurements with those reported by H1 and ZEUS [3] for the corresponding structure function of the proton, F2p(x, Q2) promise to shed new light on the origin of shadowing, the phenomenon that the parton distributions of nucleons bound in a nucleus are suppressed with respect to those of free nucleons [4]. We solve the BK equation with the collinearly improved kernel for different nuclei of importance for future EICs and predict their structure functions as well as the corresponding nuclear suppression factors, which are a direct measurement of shadowing. V we provide a brief summary of the presented work as well as an outlook of future steps
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