Abstract
The Palace Museum in Beijing is World Cultural Heritage and representative of Chinese traditional brick buildings, but has been suffering deterioration for centuries. Environment monitoring showed that the special construction of foundation resulted in the humid micro-environment and moisture damage near wall bottom and floor in buildings. In order to make clear the effects of ventilation on reducing moisture damage, we took Tishun Tang as example and built a two-dimensional hygrothermal simulation model. There are two ventilation plans. One is direct ventilation, letting the outdoor air go into indoor space directly through the flue under floor. The other is to add air temperature and humidity control during that produce, called controlled ventilation. In those two plans, ventilation rate is raised to 1 time per hour from 0.4 times (current state). The results show that compared with direct ventilation, controlled ventilation is more efficient for reducing moisture damage. In controlled ventilation plan, heating outdoor air before the air exchange in winter benefits to raising indoor surface temperature by one degree and reducing area of freezing-thawing damage. Dehumidifying the outdoor air during ventilation in summer is the most important point of decreasing the high mould risk from 22 ~ 25 days to 7 ~ 10 days.
Highlights
The Palace Museum in Beijing built in 15th century, with outstanding historical and aesthetic value, is world cultural heritage and the representative of Chinese traditional buildings
We focus on moisture transfer and accumulation on brick masonry, mainly on floor and walls, which significantly affects the damping and other moisture damage in the heritage buildings of the Palace Museum
For the purpose of making clear the effects of ventilation through flue on reducing moisture damage in Tishun Tang, we firstly carried out the environment monitoring, and we built a numerical model to simulate the hygrothermal performance of the building
Summary
The Palace Museum in Beijing built in 15th century, with outstanding historical and aesthetic value, is world cultural heritage and the representative of Chinese traditional buildings. Heritage buildings in the Palace Museum have been suffering serious deterioration for decades, such as condensation on the surface of wall, and damping of indoor floor, as shown in figure 1. The heritage building in the Palace Museum, including other Chinese traditional building, are constructed by blue bricks. Blue brick is an important traditional construction material in China with a long history of manufacturing and a wide range of uses. Water/moisture can go through it freely [2], which leads to condensation in porous material, damping, and microbial deterioration [3]. One of the urgent issues of building heritage conservation is to reduce moisture damage
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