Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common type of human cancer and the third leading cause of cancer-related death. The purpose of this study is to investigate the immune infiltration signatures of gastric cancer and their relation to prognosis. We identified two distinct subtypes of gastric cancer (C1/C2) characterized by different immune infiltration signatures. C1 is featured by immune resting, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis pathways, while C2 is featured by enrichment of the MYC target, oxidative phosphorylation, and E2F target pathways. The C2 subtype has a better prognosis than the C1 subtype (HR = 0.61, 95% CI: 0.44–0.85; log-rank test, p = 0.0029). The association of C1/C2 with prognosis remained statistically significant (HR = 0.62, 95% CI: 0.44–0.87; p = 0.006) after controlling for age, gender, and stage. The prognosis prediction of C1/C2 was verified in four independent cohorts (including an internal cohort). In summary, our study is helpful for better understanding of the association between immune infiltration and the prognosis of gastric cancer.
Highlights
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer type globally and the third leading cause for cancer-related death, which was attributed to its diagnosis usually made at an advanced stage
Gastric cancer incidence has declined in most countries over the past century, the aging population may contribute to increased diagnosis of gastric cancer (Smyth et al, 2020)
The clinical significance of the molecular subtype has been demonstrated in many kinds of cancers
Summary
Gastric cancer (GC) ranks the fifth most commonly diagnosed cancer type globally and the third leading cause for cancer-related death, which was attributed to its diagnosis usually made at an advanced stage. Gastric cancer incidence has declined in most countries over the past century, the aging population may contribute to increased diagnosis of gastric cancer (Smyth et al, 2020). Next-generation sequencing has showed new insights into the heterogeneity of gastric cancer, and subtyping systems have been proposed (Cancer Genome Atlas Research, 2014; Cristescu et al, 2015; Sohn et al, 2017; Kim et al, 2019; Zhang et al, 2020). The Lauren classification system categorizes gastric cancer into the intestinal and diffuse subtypes (Lauren, 1965), while the WHO system divides gastric cancer into four subtypes (papillary, tubular, mucinous, and poorly cohesive) (Hu et al, 2012). Apart from the aforementioned classification subtypes, researchers from TCGA
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
