Abstract
This paper is concerned with a numerical investigation of the turbulent flow over a train of immobilized two-dimensional asymmetric bed forms. The results from a differential second moment (DSM) closure turbulence model, together with two simpler eddy-viscosity based models, are compared with experimental data. The DSM model is then used to calculate the drag coefficient over bed forms of varying steepness, and the result is compared with a number of empirical formulas that have previously been proposed. Finally, the partitioning of the total drag into form drag and skin friction contributions as a function of bed form steepness is investigated.
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