Prediction of Total Knee Arthroplasty Sizes with Demographics, including Hand and Foot Sizes.

Abstract

Introduction Anticipating implant sizes before total knee arthroplasty (TKA) allows the surgical team to streamline operations and prepare for potential difficulties. This study aims to determine the correlation and derive a regression model for predicting TKA sizes using patient-specific demographics without using radiographs. Methods We reviewed the demographics, including hand and foot sizes, of 1339 primary TKAs. To allow for comparison across different TKA designs, we converted the femur and tibia sizes into their anterior-posterior (AP) and medial-lateral (ML) dimensions. Stepwise multivariate regressions were performed to analyze the data. Results Regarding the femur component, the patient's foot, gender, height, hand circumference, body-mass-index, and age was the significant demographic factors in the regression analysis (R-square 0.541, p-value <0.05). For the tibia component, the significant factors in the regression analysis were the thee patient's foot size, gender, height, hand circumference, and age (R-square 0.608, p-value <0.05). The patient's foot size had the highest correlation coefficient for both femur (0.670) and tibia (0.697) implant sizes (p-value <0.05). We accurately predicted the femur component size exactly, within one and two sizes in 49.5%, 94.2%, and 99.9% of cases, respectively. Regarding the tibia, the prediction was exact, within one and two sizes in 53.0%, 96.0%, and 100% of cases, respectively. Conclusion The regression model, utilizing patient-specific characteristics, such as foot size and hand circumference, accurately predicted TKA femur and tibia sizes within one component size. This provides a more efficient alternative for preoperative planning.