Abstract
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the expression of microRNA (miRNA) in peri-implant soft tissue and to correlate epigenetic information with the clinical outcomes of the implants up to the five-year follow-up. Seven patients have been rehabilitated with fixed screw-retained bridges each supported by implants. Peri-implant bone resorption and soft tissue health parameters have been recorded over time with a five-year follow-up. Mini-invasive samples of soft peri-implant tissue have been taken three months after implant insertion. miRNA have been extracted from cells of the soft tissue samples to evaluate gene-expression at the implant sites by microarray analysis. The epigenomic data obtained by microarray technology has been statistically analyzed by dedicated software and compared with measured clinical parameters. Specific miRNA expression profiles predictive of specific clinical outcomes were found. In particular, some specific miRNA signatures appeared to be “protective” from bone resorption despite the presence of plaque accumulation. miRNA may be predictors of dental implant clinical outcomes and may be used as biomarkers for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in the field of implant dentistry.
Highlights
Dental implants are widely used for fixed rehabilitation of partially or completely edentulous patients and demonstrate predictable outcomes
We demonstrated that miRNA expressed by peri-implant tissues are related with the clinical outcome [2]
No implant failure occurred resulting in an implant cumulative survival rate (CSR) of 100%
Summary
Dental implants are widely used for fixed rehabilitation of partially or completely edentulous patients and demonstrate predictable outcomes. MiRNAs are small noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) of approximately 22 nucleotides responsible for specific regulation of gene expression in a post-transcriptional manner. They are the main regulator of gene transcription and bear relevance in predicting clinical outcomes. Only less than 5% of expressed genes producing messenger RNA is really translated into proteins while microRNAs are fully functionally active in cell cytoplasm [2]. They have an important role in several biological processes, such as development, cell proliferation, apoptosis and carcinogenesis [3,4]
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