Prediction of the operating point of dendrites growing under coupled thermosolutal control at high growth velocity

Abstract

We use a phase-field model for the growth of dendrites in dilute binary alloys under coupled thermosolutal control to explore the dependence of the dendrite tip velocity and radius of curvature upon undercooling, Lewis number (ratio of thermal to solutal diffusivity), alloy concentration, and equilibrium partition coefficient. Constructed in the quantitatively valid thin-interface limit, the model uses advanced numerical techniques such as mesh adaptivity, multigrid, and implicit time stepping to solve the nonisothermal alloy solidification problem for material parameters that are realistic for metals. From the velocity and curvature data we estimate the dendrite operating point parameter σ*. We find that σ* is nonconstant and, over a wide parameter space, displays first a local minimum followed by a local maximum as the undercooling is increased. This behavior is contrasted with a similar type of behavior to that predicted by simple marginal stability models to occur in the radius of curvature, on the assumption of constant σ*.