Abstract
It has been known that some traumatic macular holes can close spontaneously. However, knowledge about the types of macular hole that can close spontaneously is limited. In this retrospective study, we investigated patients with traumatic macular hole who were followed-up for at least 6 months without any surgical intervention. Clinical data and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images were compared between groups with and without macular hole closure. Overall, 27 eyes were included. Spontaneous closure of macular hole was observed in 10 (37.0%) eyes. The holes with spontaneous closure had smaller minimum diameter (244.9 ± 114.4 vs. 523.9 ± 320.0 μm, p = 0.007) and less intraretinal cysts (10% vs. 76.5%, p = 0.001) compared to the holes that did not close spontaneously. The area under the curve of receiver operative characteristic was 0.812 and 0.832 for minimum diameter of macular hole and presence of intraretinal cysts respectively. Multivariate logistic regression showed that the presence of intraretinal cysts was an independent predictive factor for closure of macular holes. The group with spontaneous macular hole closure had a high chance of visual improvement. Our study suggests that the absence of intraretinal cysts on SD-OCT can predict spontaneous closure of traumatic macular hole.
Highlights
It has been known that some traumatic macular holes can close spontaneously
The purpose of this study is to explore whether the morphological characteristics on spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) can be used to predict spontaneous closure of traumatic macular holes
Multivariate logistic regression found that presence of intraretinal cysts was the only independent factor predicting spontaneous closure of macular hole (p = 0 .005)
Summary
It has been known that some traumatic macular holes can close spontaneously. Knowledge about the types of macular hole that can close spontaneously is limited. Clinical data and spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) images were compared between groups with and without macular hole closure. Our study suggests that the absence of intraretinal cysts on SDOCT can predict spontaneous closure of traumatic macular hole. It is known that an idiopathic macular hole rarely closes spontaneously and mostly requires vitrectomy. The proportion of spontaneous closure in idiopathic macular hole has been reported to be 2.7–6.2%1,2. The purpose of this study is to explore whether the morphological characteristics on spectral domain OCT can be used to predict spontaneous closure of traumatic macular holes
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