Abstract
Sound scattering computations for single manganese nodules have been performed as part of a larger research project on remote acoustic sensing for nodule deposits in the deep ocean. Following Faran [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 23, 405–418 (1951)] the nodule is modeled as an elastic sphere. The results of the analysis of the scattered wave field are expressed as spherical harmonic expansions. Values of wet density, compressional and shear wave speeds needed in the model were measured experimentally for nodule material. The results of the experimental investigation and computations of the scattered wave field are presented. The important frequency range around ka = 1, where k = ω/c = wavenumber and a = module radius is examined in detail. Plots of total scattering cross sections and backscatter cross sections are presented as functions of frequency. Farfield pressure amplitudes are presented as polar plots for various frequencies. The effect of nodule shear wave speed (shear rigidity) is shown to be important. Finally the applicability of the results to the deep ocean sounding problem (nodule prospecting) is explained.
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