Abstract
The development of nanotechnology has propagated the use of nanoparticles (NPs) in various fields including industry, agriculture, engineering, cosmetics, or medicine. The use of nanoparticles in cosmetics and dermal-based products is increasing owing to their higher surface area and unique physiochemical properties. Silver (Ag) NPs' excellent broad-spectrum antibacterial property and zinc oxide (ZnO) NPs' ability to confer better ultraviolet (UV) protection has led to their maximal use in cosmetics and dermal products. While the consideration for use of nanoparticles is increasing, concerns have been raised regarding their potential negative impacts. Although used in various dermal products, Ag and ZnO NPs' skin sensitization (SS) potential has not been well-investigated using in vitro alternative test methods. The human Cell Line Activation Test (h-CLAT) that evaluates the ability of chemicals to upregulate the expression of CD86 and CD54 in THP-1 cell line was used to assess the skin sensitizing potential of these NPs. The h-CLAT assay was conducted following OECD TG 442E. NPs inducing relative fluorescence intensity of CD86 ≥ 150% and/or CD54 ≥ 200% in at least two out of three independent runs were predicted to be positive. Thus, Ag (20, 50, and 80 nm) NPs and ZnO NPs were all predicted to be positive in terms of SS possibility using the h-CLAT prediction model. Although further confirmatory tests addressing other key events (KEs) of SS adverse outcome pathway (AOP) should be carried out, this study gave an insight into the need for cautious use of Ag and ZnO NPs based skincare or dermal products owing to their probable skin sensitizing potency.
Highlights
The development of nanotechnology has spread the use of nanoparticles (NP) in various fields including industry, agriculture, engineering, cosmetics, or medicine
2-mercaptobenzothiazole, R(+)-limonene, and imidazolidinyl urea were correctly classified as positive while isopropanol, glycerol, lactic acid, and 4aminobenzoic acid were classified as negative (Table 1)
Concerns have been raised about the potential risks that could result from the skin penetration of nanoparticles after application in the form of cosmetics or other dermal products
Summary
The development of nanotechnology has spread the use of nanoparticles (NP) in various fields including industry, agriculture, engineering, cosmetics, or medicine. The cosmetic industry is among the first industry to implement nanotechnology-based materials (Mihranyan et al, 2012). For more than 30 years, nano-based ingredients have been used in the cosmetic industry (Pastrana et al, 2018; Carrouel et al, 2020). Nanomaterials based topical medicines or cosmetics render special benefits over micro-scale materials. Prediction of Skin-Sensitization Potential of Nanoparticles properties of nanoparticles lead to higher transport of ingredients through the skin (Ahmad et al, 2018; Fytianos et al, 2020). The key goals of using nanoparticles in skincare products are controlled release of ingredients, increased efficacy, occlusive properties, physical stability, or active transport of targeting (Kaul et al, 2018)
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
