Prediction of pulmonary embolism and its complication in diabetes mellitus type 2: a 5-year retrospective study

Abstract

<p><strong>Aim</strong> <br />To investigate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and pulmonary embolism, as well as to determine the prognostic value of troponin, D-dimer, prothrombotic, and proinflammatory markers in patients with T2DM.<br /><strong>Methods</strong> <br />The retrospective cohort study included 305 patients with pulmonary embolism, divided into two groups: the first group<br />with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=165) and the control group without type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=140). Data were collected from May 2018 to May 2023. In all patients the following parameters were analysed: anthropometric parameters, laboratory parameters (troponin, D-dimer, CRP, fibrinogen, uric acid, glucose, total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides), arterial blood pressure, antiphospholipid antibodies, HOMA-IR index, CT angiography of the pulmonary artery, rate of adverse clinical events in pulmonary embolism (need for inotropic catecholamine<br />support, fibrinolysis, cardiopulmonary resuscitation) and the rate of intrahospital mortality from pulmonary embolism.<br /><strong>Results</strong> <br />Patients with T2DM had elevated troponin, D-dimer, CRP, uric acid, fibrinogen, HOMA-IR and more severe clinical<br />complications with higher mortality rates within 10 days of hospital admission. Significant predictors of PE in T2DM patients were found. Patients with pulmonary embolism in T2DM had a 4.38 times higher chance of death compared to patients with pulmonary embolism without T2DM.<br /><strong>Conclusions</strong> <br />Troponin, D-dimer, prothrombotic, and proinflammatory markers have good prognostic value for short-term<br />outcomes in PE among patients with T2DM</p>